First Philippine Republic Day2026 · Date · History
Republic Act No. 11014 declares January 23 of every year First Philippine Republic Day and a special working holiday throughout the Philippines.
About First Philippine Republic Day
First Philippine Republic Day is observed every January 23 in the Philippines as a nationwide special working holiday under Republic Act No. 11014.
The day commemorates the declaration of the First Philippine Republic on January 23, 1899 at Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan.
Why First Philippine Republic Day matters
The observance is a civic and historical commemoration centered on the First Philippine Republic and its place in Philippine national history.
Because the law calls it a special working holiday, the guide should not describe it as automatically equivalent to a non-working national holiday.
History of First Philippine Republic Day
Republic Act No. 11014, approved on April 5, 2018, is titled the First Philippine Republic Day Act.
Section 2 declares January 23 of every year First Philippine Republic Day and a special working holiday throughout the country.
The law gives the historical anchor as the declaration of the First Philippine Republic on January 23, 1899 at Barasoain Church in Malolos.
Section 3 directs the National Historical Commission, in coordination with the Department of Education, to plan and implement commemorative activities.
How the observance developed
This timeline uses documented milestones from reviewed sources. Missing stages are left out rather than guessed.
Congress of the Philippines through Republic Act No. 11014
Republic Act No. 11014 — First Philippine Republic Day Act
National Historical Commission of the Philippines in coordination with the Department of Education
Section 3 of Republic Act No. 11014 assigns these bodies responsibility for planning and implementing activities.
What the evidence establishes
Confirmed institutional roles and milestones are shown first. Details that could not be established from the reviewed sources are listed separately below.
4 fields not established in reviewed sources
How to Observe First Philippine Republic Day
Learn about the Malolos Congress and the First Philippine Republic from historical and archival sources.
Attend or follow educational programs organized by historical, educational or cultural institutions.
When discussing holiday status, retain the law’s exact “special working holiday” classification.
Use the anniversary to compare primary historical documents and later interpretations of the First Republic.
First Philippine Republic Day Facts
First Philippine Republic Day falls on January 23 every year.
Republic Act No. 11014 makes it a special working holiday throughout the Philippines.
The act was approved on April 5, 2018.
The date commemorates the January 23, 1899 declaration of the First Philippine Republic at Barasoain Church.
Topic and context
What this page does not assume
- Keep the source-defined country, community, organizer or institutional scope; do not silently broaden it.
- Do not treat the title alone as proof of government recognition or public-holiday status.
- Do not add a creator, founding story or origin claim unless the supporting evidence establishes it.
- Remembrance Civic Context Care.
Evidence & sources
Sources used across the guide are gathered here. Labels show how each source supports the page, and contextual references are kept separate from primary evidence.
Lawphil — Republic Act No. 11014 (opens in a new tab)
National Statute
Senate of the Philippines Legislative Reference Bureau — Republic Act No. 11014 (opens in a new tab)
Official Legislative Reference
Understand it, compare it, then explore further
Start with the most common factual questions, then compare closely related observances and explore useful connections.
Frequently asked questions
When is First Philippine Republic Day?
23 January annually The documented recurrence rule is: 23 January.
Does First Philippine Republic Day fall on the same date every year?
Yes. It uses a fixed annual date unless stronger evidence changes the pattern.
Is First Philippine Republic Day an official public holiday?
The reviewed sources verify it within this scope: Philippines / nationwide special working holiday. That recognition does not by itself make it a statutory public holiday; the site only makes public-holiday claims when reliable evidence explicitly does so.
Who established or recognizes First Philippine Republic Day?
The reviewed sources identify Congress of the Philippines through Republic Act No. 11014 as the proclaiming or establishing body. Current facilitation or coordination is recorded as National Historical Commission of the Philippines in coordination with the Department of Education.
Is First Philippine Republic Day international or country-specific?
This observance is specific to Philippines. Its fuller verified scope is: Philippines / nationwide special working holiday.
How is this page verified?
The factual information is checked against reviewed sources, including the date pattern, scope and institutional history. This page was checked on 2026-10-01.
When is First Philippine Republic Day?
It is observed every January 23.
Is it a holiday throughout the Philippines?
Yes. Republic Act No. 11014 declares it a special working holiday in the entire country.
What does January 23 commemorate?
It commemorates the declaration of the First Philippine Republic on January 23, 1899 at Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan.
Who is tasked with commemorative activities?
The law directs the National Historical Commission, in coordination with the Department of Education, to plan and implement activities.
Other observances on January 23
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Parakram Diwas
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